最近翻到了曾经的精读笔记。觉得这篇福尔摩斯开篇写得还挺详细，就夹在这些书评中，如果小可爱喜欢可以作为参考。当时本想连载完，因为有些词汇敏感被锁文后就没有做后续，加上后续自己将这本硬生生啃完了，(包括bbc的the casebook)也就放在了那里。其实福尔摩斯探案集没有很多，一共就九本，四本长篇＋五十六个短篇。回头有空豹豹看情况讲点短篇故事调剂一下~
对于柯南道尔，福尔摩斯我觉得真不用过多介绍了，太多的资源和途径让这位作家和笔下的人物家喻户晓，甚至在网络不发达的年代就已经出现了国外同人本，延伸出现在网络文学很著名的“暴风雪山庄”或者说“孤岛模式”的侦探类型。想想也挺有意思。福尔摩斯系列在中学时读过全套，目前基本忘光了。
对于侦探、惊悚、犯罪甚至灵异考古一类豹豹涉猎一直不多，不是没兴趣而是胆小。江户川乱步，阿加莎或多或少看过一丢丢。网络文学起步后，这一类的书只有在乘车的时候才翻开，因为人多阳气旺盛。由于后期对原版童书的偏爱，慢慢就很少光顾通俗小说了。福尔摩斯系列影视，音频，原版译本资源太多了，就不贴了。广播剧不是特别推荐，音效不大好也吓人，电影都不错，不管是小罗伯特唐尼(钢铁侠那位)的《大侦探福尔摩斯》，伊恩麦克莱恩(甘道夫万磁王那位)的《福尔摩斯先生》以及康伯巴奇(卷福)的《恐怖新娘》(对里面的磨坊太记忆深刻了)都好看也比较新。电视剧没看过，有声书并不是特别推荐炸叔版本，没有张力(也可能是哈利波特听多了免疫)。网上比较早的几个版本倒是挺好的，不过今天主要是精读笔记就不多说这些了。
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IN the year 1878 I took my degree of Doctor of Medicine of the University of London, and proceeded to Netley to go through the course prescribed for surgeons in the army. Having completed my studies there, I was duly attached to the Fifth Northumberland Fusiliers as Assistant Surgeon.
开篇第一段介绍了作者华生的一些事情。在伦敦大学学习，医学博士生学位degree of Doctor of Medicine，伦敦大学也可以用London University表述(英语在用语法中级)，按照规定必须随军，从Netley之后又按职责在诺桑伯兰第五明火枪团(the Fifth Northumberland Fusiliers)做军医助理。有职位的时候一般是as ＋职位即可。文中出现的地名或者专有名词不用刻意纠结，即使跳过去也不大影响故事的进展。
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The campaign brought honours and promotion to many, but for me it had nothing but misfortune and disaster. I was removed from my brigade and attached to the Berkshires, with whom I served at the fatal battle of Maiwand. There I was struck on the shoulder by a Jezail bullet, which shattered the bone and grazed the subclavian artery. I should have fallen into the hands of the murderous Ghazis had it not been for the devotion and courage shown by Murray, my orderly, who threw me across a pack-horse, and succeeded in bringing me safely to the British lines.
之后几句话没什么难点，跳过了。华生还没到达军团的时候，阿富汗战役爆发，部队已经过了山隘，抵达战场，但华生和其他落单的战士还是尽快到达并履行自己的职责。
这场战争给太多人带来荣誉与机会，但给华生的却是不幸和灾难，是锁骨大动脉擦过的子弹，是九死一生被忠心的勤务兵救回来的侥幸。
The campaign brought honours and promotion to many, but for me it had nothing but misfortune and disaster.这句话可以作为写作句型。
brigade n.旅(军队) 常见词组fire brigade 消防队
a Jezail bullet 捷则尔是笨重的阿富汗枪(来自译文)
shatter高频词，它不仅可以表示破碎还能用在身体状态的表达上，前两天偶然见到一个句子很生动。And ever since he had been shattered in health.
orderly 做名词表示勤务员，护理工
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Worn with pain, and weak from the prolonged hardships which I had undergone, I was removed, with a great train of wounded sufferers, to the base hospital at Peshawar. Here I rallied, and had already improved so far as to be able to walk about the wards, and even to bask a little upon the verandah, when I was struck down by enteric fever, that curse of our Indian possessions. For months my life was despaired of, and when at last I came to myself and became convalescent,I was so weak and emaciated that a medical board determined that not a day should be lost in sending me back to England.
这一段读下来莫名带感，句式太值得品味了，开头的伴随结尾的被动。看来文章写得好语法也要好。
华生来到当地医院本来要好转了，结果又染上了倒霉的伤寒enteric fever，好几个月的昏迷不醒估计把医生也吓到了，当华生恢复神智身体痊愈后火速被送回了伦敦。
rally: When someone or something rallies, they begin to recover or improve after having been weak. 恢复健康，好转
Convalescent means relating to convalescence. 恢复期的; 正在康复的(正式用语)
A person or animal that is emaciated is extremely thin and weak because of illness or lack of food. (因疾病或饥饿而) 消瘦的, 骨瘦如柴的
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I had neither kith nor kin in England, and was therefore as free as air — or as free as an income of eleven shillings and sixpence a day will permit a man to be. Under such circumstances, I naturally gravitated to London, that great cesspool into which all the loungers and idlers of the Empire are irre I stayed for some time at a private hotel in the Strand, leading a comfortless,meaningless existence, and spending such money as I had, considerably more freely than I ought. So alarming did the state of my finances become,that I soon realized that I must either leave the metropolis and rusticatesomewhere in the country, or that I must make a complete alteration in my style of living.
这一段读着想笑，华生回到伦敦后，政府还给了九个月假期和津贴，于是他成了风一样自由的男人。只是------有钱又没事又没亲戚又没熟人就掉进了社会这个大染缸，钱不断花着，终于捉襟见肘进入了两难，要么去乡下，要么找一个便宜的住处。这也是与福尔摩斯相遇的起因--合租。
第一句做了笔记摘抄。可以练习写作。
gravitated to /towards受什么吸引
If you gravitate towards a particular place, thing, or activity, you are attracted by it and go to it or get involved in it. 被吸引到; 受吸引而参加
cesspool同cesspit 有点重口，仅贴英文解释
A cesspit is a hole or tank in the ground into which waste water and sewage flow.
lounger与idler同义词，闲逛者，游民懒汉
If you describe something such as a desire or force as irresistible, you mean that it is so powerful that it makes you act in a certain way, and there is nothing you can do to prevent this. 不可抵抗的; 不可抗拒的; 不能压制的
rusticate: to banish or retire to the country 下放农村，退归林下
这一段也侧面写出了伦敦大量涌动的流浪汉和居无定所的人。
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On the very day that I had come to this conclusion, I was standing at the Criterion Bar, when some one tapped me on the shoulder, and turning round I recognized young Stamford,who had been a dresser under me at Barts. The sight of a friendly face in the great wilderness of London is a pleasant thing indeed to a lonely man.In old days Stamford had never been a particular crony of mine, but now I hailed him with enthusiasm, and he, in his turn, appeared to be delighted to see me. In the exuberance of my joy, I asked him to lunch with me at the Holborn, and we started off together in a hansom.
华生决定搬到一个不那么花钱的地儿，当他下定决心的那一天，在一个叫做Criterion的酒吧门前遇到了多年未见的熟人，是他曾经的一个助手。虽然两人关系没有熟到特别要好的地步，但异乡见老乡，两眼泪汪汪。并愉快得定下了共进午餐。这一段在听炸叔读自己做的序时很想笑，因为炸叔说到，如果华生没有去皮卡迪利的小酒吧，如果没有遇到熟人斯坦弗那也就没有了福尔摩斯，其实这是因为人物刻画太过出色而让我们混淆了真实与故事的界限。
the very day 强调，就是那天
dresser除了指剧组的服装员，还表示外科手术助手
crony这个词虽然表示密友，其实是略有贬义的词汇，表示花大量时间在一起的狐朋狗友。有点不赞同的意味。
Exuberance is behaviour which is energetic, excited, and cheerful. 热情洋溢; 兴高采烈; 喜气洋洋(不可数)
hansom就是小马车，很常见的文学词汇，与handsome发音相同，注意前者少两个字母。
之后是两人的一段寒暄交谈，不是很难就不全贴了。斯坦弗说哎呀你现在瘦的像块木板条子，脸色黄的像颗坚果干什么去了。You are as thin as a lath and as brown as a nut.(太好玩了)当华生说完他的遭遇以及想找个住处的想法后老友很诧异，因为这是第二个人对他说得类似的话(第一位是主人公福尔摩斯)。因为福尔摩斯是一个怪人，斯坦弗并不认为华生与他能长久，突然想起bbc的剧中女警察略带讽刺的台词Colleague, you have a colleague?
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He is a little queer in his ideas — an enthusiast in some branches of science. As far as I know he is a decent fellow enough.No — I have no idea what he intends to go in for. I believe he is well up in anatomy, and he is a first-class chemist; but, as far as I know, he has never taken out any systematic medical classes. His studies are very desultory and eccentric, but he has amassed a lot of out-of-the way knowledge which would astonish his professors.
福尔摩斯在普通人眼中的形象，古怪，对科学热忱，但是正派，精于解剖，一流的药剂师，但是学的东西杂且稀奇古怪。其实福尔摩斯在书中给自己了一个职业consulting detective，探案更多是为了乐趣和正义而不是为了法律，特征之一尤其擅长法医学。
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You mustn’t blame me if you don’t get on with him, I know nothing more of him than I have learned from meeting him occasionally in the laboratory. You proposed this arrangement, so you must not hold me responsible.
斯坦弗说福尔摩斯这个人现在一定在实验室，他要么几周不去，要么一呆就是从白天到晚上。吃完饭两人前去实验室，老友又警告华生，是你提议要去看看你的预备室友的，所以处不来可不是我的错。华生倒是无所谓，处不来就散伙，但对老友急急忙忙将自己摘出去很好奇(you have some reason for washing your hands of the matter.)斯坦弗表示无奈，真得不好描述。不过华生到了实验室被一下点出去过阿富汗的时候应该就明白了。
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As he spoke, we turned down a narrow lane and passed through a small side-door, which opened into a wing of the great hospital. It was familiar ground to me, and I needed no guiding as we ascended the bleak stone staircase and made our way down the long corridor with its vista of whitewashed wall and dun-coloured doors.
这一段环境描写很抓人，仿佛和他们一起边走边说，走过一条背街，推开一扇侧门，昏暗的楼梯后是粉刷雪白的长廊。Whitewash is a mixture of lime or chalk and water that is used for painting walls white. (粉刷用的) 石灰水, 白涂料(应该就是我们说的腻子)
Something that is dun is a dull grey-brown colour. 暗棕灰色的
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There was only one student in the room, who was bending over a distant table absorbed in his work. At the sound of our steps he glanced round and sprang to his feet with a cry of pleasure. “I’ve found it! I’ve found it,” he shouted to my companion, running towards us with a test-tube in his hand.
福尔摩斯的初次登场。不是外貌静止的描述，而是行为的动态流动，因为自己的发现而兴奋不已。沉迷于探索，与前文斯坦弗所说“如果需要，连自己都能作为实验的标本”不谋而合。
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“I have found a re-agent which is precipitated by hoemoglobin, and by nothing else.” Had he discovered a gold mine, greater delight could not have shone upon his features.
华生一定对这次见面太深刻了，描述福尔摩斯当时的兴奋劲连发现了金矿都不见得比得上。
这里有一个书中注释hoemoglobin拼写应该是haemoglobin ，同样后文还有注释221B(b应该小写其实不用刻意纠结，反而成了一种特别的周边保留了下来)。
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“How are you?” he said cordially, gripping my hand with a strength for which I should hardly have given him credit. “You have been in Afghanistan, I perceive.”
“How on earth did you know that?” I asked in astonishment.
经典桥段，见面识人。福尔摩斯的瞳孔一定是扫一扫。所以后文华生对斯坦弗说真不知道他怎么知道我去的阿富汗，不过以后成了室友我一定会更好的了解他时，斯坦弗给出了暴击否定You’ll find him a knotty problem, though. I’ll wager he learns more about you than you about him. (你还没研究透他，他已经对你了如指掌了)
cordially在纳尼亚中见到，热情地，cordial除了形容词友好的，还有果汁的意思(盖茨比同出现)
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Don’t you see that it gives us an infallible test for blood stains. Come over here now! I add this small quantity of blood to a litre of water. You perceive that the resulting mixture has the appearance of pure water. The proportion of blood cannot be more than one in a million. I have no doubt, however, that we shall be able to obtain the characteristic reaction.
豹豹将福尔摩斯的话摘出来放在了一起。
福尔摩斯一见面没有讨论租房的事，而是拉着前来的两位开始他的实验。验证有了这个对blood反应的试剂，criminal cases中的bloodstain就不会轻易被其他污渍所混淆。毕竟这是19世纪末的故事，科技医疗的条件与现在不能同日而语。
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The old Guiacum test was very clumsy and uncertain. So is the microscopic examination for blood corpuscles. The latter is valueless if the stains are a few hours old. Now, this appears to act as well whether the blood is old or new. Had this test been invented,there are hundreds of men now walking the earth who would long ago have paid the penalty of their crimes.
The old Guiacum test有翻译成古老的树脂测试，也有译为愈创木夜测试，这个倒不用纠结主要是clumsy一词用的太形象。
blood corpuscles 血细胞
有了这种测试，检测会更精准，更有威慑力。
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Criminal cases are continually hinging upon that one point. ....Are they blood stains, or mud stains,or rust stains, or fruit stains, or what are they? That is a question which has puzzled many an expert, and why? Because there was no reliable test. Now we have the Sherlock Holmes’ test, and there will no longer be any difficulty.
福尔摩斯的小得意~
这一段依旧是福尔摩斯对于实验的满意，并做出了与以往的对比分析。
Constitution,Criminal Law, Civil Law请自行查询。一提起法律，就想起罗翔老师。
many a +n. =many ns.前者谓动词用单数。
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“You seem to be a walking calendar of crime,” said Stamford with a laugh. “You might start a paper on those lines. Call it the `Police News of the Past.’”
斯坦弗打趣福尔摩斯(简直是行走的活百科)
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He held out his hand as he spoke, and I noticed that it was all mottled over with similar pieces of plaster, and discoloured with strong acids.
福尔摩斯的手给华生以震撼，大大小小的“创可贴”，深浅不一因为强酸腐蚀的皮肤。包括之前对于福尔摩斯情绪的震惊I remarked, considerably surprised at his enthusiasm.这样的人不成功才是奇怪的事情。
mottle: to colour with streaks or blotches of different shades 使有斑点
虽然mottle也有斑点的意思，但斑点带子案英文名称为The Speckled Band
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“I have my eye on a suite in Baker Street,” he said, “which would suit us down to the ground. You don’t mind the smell of strong tobacco, I hope?”
斯坦弗终于有机会告诉福尔摩斯我们是来谈正事的，福尔摩斯就告诉华生他相中的地方----贝克街221B，现在是家喻户晓了。
I have my eye on a suite in Baker Street.可写作仿写
suit sb. down to the ground 太合适不过了，刚在温夫人的扇子中见到，印象很深She is just the woman for me. Suits me down to the ground.
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Let me see — what are my other shortcomings. I get in the dumps at times,...
对于福尔摩斯这样的人来说，做事情也很有条理逻辑，先讲好各自的生活习惯优缺点，杜绝后期的摩擦。
心情不好，情绪不佳除了用feel/get down in the dumps之外还可以用in bad mood, in bad temper
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This is very piquant. I am much obliged to you for bringing us together.
两人交换完信息，商定次日正午一起去看房子，就各自告别了。这句话是华生回住处的路上对斯坦弗的感谢，很标准的感谢信模式。没有难点。
整体第一章的精读笔记还挺长的，分得开一些看起来不会太累。只是作为参考吧。里面的词汇解析来自柯林斯，参考了中文译文，好像还参考了其他？一年前的笔记记不清了。如果这篇笔记能为大家的阅读开个头也是开心的事。
