长城
长城是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一，1987年被列为联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产。1 它宛如一条巨龙， 蜿蜒曲折， 穿越草地、沙漠和高山， 自西向东绵延8,851.8公里（明长城）。2 经过两千多年的沧桑，长城部分城墙已经被毁或湮灭。3 但是，由于它建筑雄伟，历史悠久，长城现今依然是世界上最具吸引力的景点之一。长城始建于春秋战国时期的燕、赵、秦等国，作为防御工事。秦始皇将各段城墙连接起来，抵御北方部落的侵袭。4 从那时起，长城就成为中华民族的一道丰碑，此后历朝历代都在不断扩建和修缮。5 今天我们看到的长城主要建于明代。长城承载着丰富的中国文化，体现了中国人民的智慧和顽强。长城与黄河、长江一起，成为了中华民族的象征。
The Great Wall, one of the greatest wonders of the world, was listed as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987. Like a giant dragon, the Great Wall winds its way across grasslands, deserts and mountains, stretching approximately 8,851.8 kilometers (the Ming walls) from west to east of China. With a history of more than 2,000 years, some of the sections are now in ruins or have disappeared. However, it is still one of the most appealing attractions all around the world owing to its architectural grandeur and historical significance. The Great Wall was originally built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period as a defensive project by states including Yan, Zhao, and Qin. Emperor Qinshihuang, founder of the first unified empire in Chinese history, succeeded in his effort to have the walls joined together to fend off the invasions from tribes in the north. Since then, the Great Wall has served as a monument of the Chinese nation. It went through constant extensions and repairs in later dynasties. The Great Wall we see today was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty. The Great Wall carries a considerable part of Chinese culture and demonstrates the wisdom and tenacity of the Chinese people. It has become a symbol of the Chinese nation along with the Yellow River and the Yangtze River.
故宫
故宫位于北京市中心，是明清两代24位皇帝的皇宫。1 故宫首建于明成祖年间，历时14 年竣工。2 没有皇帝特许，禁止任何人进宫，因此这里又叫“紫禁城”。故宫外观呈长方形，是世界上最大的宫殿群，占地约72万平方米，四面环绕着52米宽的护城河和10 米高的城墙。3 城墙四面各有一座城门，南北门相距961米， 东西门相隔753米。4 故宫分为两部分。南部又称外朝，是皇帝行使最高权力的地方；北部又称内廷，是皇帝和皇室生活的场所。5 由于黄色是皇族的标志，故宫内以黄色为主。6 屋顶铺的是黄色琉璃瓦， 宫里的装饰品也被漆成黄色。 但是有一个例外，皇帝的书斋文渊阁是黑顶，原因是当时人们认为黑色代表水，可以灭火。7 故宫用作皇宫约有五百年历史，藏有大量奇珍古玩。8 1987年，故宫被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。现在，故宫已成为全世界最受欢迎的景点之一，对国内外游客开放。
Lying at the center of Beijing, the Palace Museum was the imperial palace for 24 emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was built during the reign of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty, taking 14 years to complete. It was forbidden to enter without special permission of the emperor. Hence it is also named the Forbidden City. Rectangular in shape, the Palace Museum is the world’s largest palace complex, covering an area of some 720,000 square meters, surrounded by a 52-meter-wide moat and 10-meter-high walls. The walls have a gate on each side. The distance between the south and north gates is 961 meters, while the distance between the east and west gates is 753 meters. The Palace Museum is divided into two parts. The southern section, or the Outer Court, was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. The northern section, or the Inner Court, was where the emperor lived with his royal family. Since yellow is the symbol of the royal family, it is the dominant color in the Palace Museum. Roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles, and decorations in the palace are also painted yellow. However, there is one exception. Wenyuange, the royal library, has a black roof. The reason is that it was believed black represented water and could extinguish fire. Having been the imperial palace for some 500 years, the Palace Museum houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. In 1987, the Palace Museum was listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site. The Palace Museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions worldwide, open to tourists from home and abroad.
兵马俑
兵马俑是20世纪最重大的考古发掘之一，1987年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。1 兵马俑位于西安临潼， 秦始皇陵以东约1.5公里。2 1974 年，一群农民在皇家陵墓附近挖井时挖掘出一些陶器碎片，立即引起了考古学家的注意，然后才有了兵马俑这一伟大发现。3 1975年，国务院授权有关部门建立兵马俑博物馆。4 栩栩如生的兵马俑排成作战的阵势，成为博物馆最大的亮点。5 博物馆分为三个部分： 1号坑、2号坑和3号坑， 按照发现先后命名。6 其中1号坑最大， 于1979年10月1日国庆节对公众开放。7 自2010 年10月1日，兵马俑博物馆和秦始皇陵合并成一个大景区，即秦始皇陵遗址公园。兵马俑是世界考古史上最伟大的发现之一，充分体现了中国古代人民的聪明才智和创造力。
The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses, one of the most significant archeological excavations of the 20th century, were listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987. It is located about 1.5 kilometers east of the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor in Lintong, Xi’an. In 1974, a group of farmers unearthed some pottery fragments while digging a well nearby the royal tomb. It caught the immediate attention of archeologists and led to the great discovery of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses. In 1975, the State Council authorized the building of the Museum of Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses. The life-like Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses arranged in battle formations are the star features at the museum. The museum is divided into three sections: No. 1 Pit, No. 2 Pit, and No. 3 Pit. They were tagged in the order of their discoveries. No. 1 Pit is the largest, opened to the public on China’s National Day of 1979. Since October 1, 2010 the Museum of Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses and the Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum have been combined into one large attraction area, Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Park. The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses, as one of the greatest archeological discoveries in the world, fully demonstrate the extraordinary wisdom and superb creativity of the ancient Chinese people.
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