静态路由协议·基本实验静态路由协议实验报告

静态路由协议特征：

实验拓扑：

实验拓扑图

实验目的：

配置静态路由协议

实验环境：

Cisco ios c7200

实验规划：

R1: s1/0：12.1.1.1/24 loopback0: 1.1.1.1/24

R2: s1/1：12.1.1.2/24 s1/0：23.1.1.2/24 loopback0: 2.2.2.2/24

R3: s1/1：23.1.1.3/24 s1/0: 34.1.1.3/24 loopback0: 3.3.3.3/24

R4：s1/1: 34.1.1.4/24 s1/0：45.1.1.4/24 loopback0: 4.4.4.4/24

R5: s1/1: 45.1.1.5/24 loopback0: 5.5.5.5/24

实验步骤：

1：基本环境搭建

2：配置静态路由协议

3：测试网络得出结论

步骤1：基本环境搭建

在R1为接口设置指定的IP地址

R1#config terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R1(config)#interface serial 1/0 R1(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#interface loopback 0 R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#exit

查看R1所有接口的信息

R1#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/0 12.1.1.1 YES manual up up Serial1/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Loopback0 1.1.1.1 YES manual up up

在R2为接口设置指定的IP地址

R2#config terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R2(config)#interface serial 1/1 R2(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#interface serial 1/0 R2(config-if)#ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#interface loopback 0 R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#exit

查看R2所有接口的信息

R2#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/0 23.1.1.2 YES manual up up Serial1/1 12.1.1.2 YES manual up up Serial1/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Loopback0 2.2.2.2 YES manual up up

在R3为接口设置指定的IP地址

R3#config terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R3(config)#interface serial 1/1 R3(config-if)#ip address 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shutdown R3(config-if)#exit R3(config)#interface serial 1/0 R3(config-if)#ip address 34.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shutdown R3(config-if)#exit R3(config)#interface loopback 0 R3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#exit

查看R3所有接口的信息

R3#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/0 34.1.1.3 YES manual up up Serial1/1 23.1.1.3 YES manual up up Serial1/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Loopback0 3.3.3.3 YES manual up up

在R4为接口设置指定的IP地址

R4#config terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R4(config)#interface serial 1/1 R4(config-if)#ip address 34.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 R4(config-if)#no shutdown R4(config-if)#exit R4(config)#interface serial 1/0 R4(config-if)#ip address 45.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 R4(config-if)#no shutdown R4(config-if)#exit R4(config)#interface loopback 0 R4(config-if)#ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0 R4(config-if)#exit

查看R4所有接口信息

R4#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/0 45.1.1.4 YES manual up up Serial1/1 34.1.1.4 YES manual up up Serial1/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Loopback0 4.4.4.4 YES manual up up

在R5为接口设置指定的IP地址

R5#config terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R5(config)#interface serial 1/1 R5(config-if)#ip address 45.1.1.5 255.255.255.0 R5(config-if)#no shutdown R5(config-if)#exit R5(config)#interface loopback 0 R5(config-if)#ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.0 R5(config-if)#exit

查看R5所有接口信息

R5#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/1 45.1.1.5 YES manual up up Serial1/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial1/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Loopback0 5.5.5.5 YES manual up up

步骤2：配置静态路由协议

静态路由协议实际上就是通过出接口或下一跳映射过来的远程网络。

在R1配置静态路由协议，通过R1本身的出接口或下一跳路由器将整个拓扑的网络分别映射到本地来，加入到数据库，，即路由表

R1(config)#ip route 23.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2 R1(config)#ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 s1/0 R1(config)#ip route 34.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2 R1(config)#ip route 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 s1/0 R1(config)#ip route 45.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2 R1(config)#ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0 s1/0 R1(config)#ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 s1/0 R1(config)#ip route 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255 s1/0

查看R1的路由表，查看结果R1已经将整个网络拓扑的网络分别映射到本地路由表中

R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 34.1.1.0 [1/0] via 12.1.1.2 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Serial1/0 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Serial1/0 4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Serial1/0 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Serial1/0 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 23.1.1.0 [1/0] via 12.1.1.2 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 45.1.1.0 [1/0] via 12.1.1.2

在R2配置静态路由协议，通过R2本身的出接口或下一跳路由器将整个拓扑的网络分别映射到本地来

R2(config)#ip route 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 s1/1 R2(config)#ip route 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 s1/0 R2(config)#ip route 34.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 23.1.1.3 R2(config)#ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 s1/0 R2(config)#ip route 45.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 23.1.1.3 R2(config)#ip route 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255 s1/0

查看R2的路由表，查看结果显示已经将整个网络拓扑的网络映射到本地路由表中

R2#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 34.1.1.0 [1/0] via 23.1.1.3 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Serial1/1 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Serial1/0 4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Serial1/0 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Serial1/0 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 45.1.1.0 [1/0] via 23.1.1.3

在R3配置静态路由协议，通过R3本身的出接口或下一跳路由器将整个拓扑的网络分别映射到本地来

R3(config)#ip route 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 s1/1 R3(config)#ip route 12.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 23.1.1.2 R3(config)#ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 s1/1 R3(config)#ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 s1/0 R3(config)#ip route 45.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 34.1.1.4 R3(config)#ip route 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255 s1/0

查看R3的路由表，已经将整个拓扑的网络映射到本地中来

R3#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 34.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Serial1/1 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Serial1/1 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Serial1/0 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Serial1/0 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 12.1.1.0 [1/0] via 23.1.1.2 45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 45.1.1.0 [1/0] via 34.1.1.4

在R4配置静态路由协议，通过R4本身的出接口或下一跳路由器将整个拓扑的网络分别映射到本地来

R4(config)#ip route 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 s1/1 R4(config)#ip route 12.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 34.1.1.3 R4(config)#ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 s1/1 R4(config)#ip route 23.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 34.1.1.3 R4(config)#ip route 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 s1/1 R4(config)#ip route 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255 s1/0

查看路由表，已经将整个拓扑的网络映射到本地路由表中

R4#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 34.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Serial1/1 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Serial1/1 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Serial1/1 4.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 4.4.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Serial1/0 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 23.1.1.0 [1/0] via 34.1.1.3 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 12.1.1.0 [1/0] via 34.1.1.3 45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 45.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0

在R5配置静态路由协议，通过R5本身的出接口或下一跳路由器将整个拓扑的网络分别映射到本地来

R5(config)#ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 s1/1 R5(config)#ip route 34.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 45.1.1.4 R5(config)#ip route 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 s1/1 R5(config)#ip route 23.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 45.1.1.4 R5(config)#ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 s1/1 R5(config)#ip route 12.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 45.1.1.4 R5(config)#ip route 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 s1/1

查看R5的路由表，已经将整个拓扑的网络映射到路由表中

R5#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 34.1.1.0 [1/0] via 45.1.1.4 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Serial1/1 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Serial1/1 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Serial1/1 4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Serial1/1 5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 5.5.5.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 23.1.1.0 [1/0] via 45.1.1.4 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 12.1.1.0 [1/0] via 45.1.1.4 45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 45.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1

步骤3：测试网络得出结论

整个网络节点分别配置了静态路由协议，接下来验证整个网络是否互通。

使用ping命令来检测网络通信是否连通

R1的回环接口1.1.1.1 ping R5的45.1.1.5地址，检测结果为!，证明可以通信

R1#ping 45.1.1.5 source 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 45.1.1.5, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 156/206/252 ms

使用traceroute命令检测当前节点到目的地址的路径信息

R1 traceroute R5，显示结果为，R1到达R5，共经过4跳，分别如下

R1#traceroute 45.1.1.5 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 45.1.1.5 1 12.1.1.2 72 msec 40 msec 32 msec 2 23.1.1.3 64 msec 60 msec 64 msec 3 34.1.1.4 140 msec 136 msec 124 msec 4 45.1.1.5 136 msec 140 msec 168 msec

同理，R5也使用ping命令检测是否可以和R1通信，检测结果显示，可以通信

R5#ping 12.1.1.1 source 5.5.5.5 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 5.5.5.5 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 108/147/176 ms

R5也使用traceroute命令检测当前节点到达目的地址的路径信息

R5#traceroute 12.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to 12.1.1.1 1 45.1.1.4 64 msec 32 msec 32 msec 2 34.1.1.3 76 msec 112 msec 56 msec 3 23.1.1.2 48 msec 172 msec 76 msec 4 12.1.1.1 124 msec 112 msec 172 msec

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