《21世纪议程》 Agenda 21 （the international plan of action adopted by
**s in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil（巴西里约）, — provides
the global consensus on the road map towards sustainable development）
世界环境日 World Environment Day (5 June each year)
世界环境日主题 World Environment Day Themes
环境千年—行动起来吧！（2000） The Environment Millennium - Time to Act！
拯救地球就是拯救未来！（1999） Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It!
为了地球上的生命—拯救我们的海洋!（1998）For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas!
为了地球上的生命（1997） For Life on Earth
我们的地球、居住地、家园（1996） Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home
国际生物多样性日 International Biodiversity Day (29 December)
世界水日 World Water Day (22 March)
世界气象日 World Meteorological Day(23 March)
世界海洋日 World Oceans Day (8 June )
联合国环境与发展大会（环发大会） United Nations Conference on
Environment and Development (UNCED)
环发大会首脑会议 Summit Session of UNCED
联合国环境规划署 United Nations Environment Programmes （UNRP）
《2000年全球环境展望报告》 GEO-2000; Global Environmental Outlook 2000
入选“全球500佳奖” be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honour
联合国人类居住中心 UN Center for Human Settlements (UNCHS)
改善人类居住环境最佳范例奖 Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement
人与生物圈方案 Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme (UNESCO)
《中国21世纪议程》 China’s Agenda 21
《中国生物多样性保护行动计划》 China Biological Diversity Protection
Action Plan
《中国跨世纪绿色工程规划》 China Trans-Century Green Project Plan
国家环境保护总局 State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA)
中国环保基本方针 China’s guiding principles for environmental
protection
坚持环境保护基本国策 adhere to the basic national policy of
environmental protection
推行可持续发展战略 pursue the strategy of sustainable development
贯彻经济建设、城乡建设、环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展（三同步）
的方针
carry out a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and
development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and
environmental protection (the “three synchronizes” principle)
促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变 promote fundamental shifts in the
economic system and mode of economic growth
实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一 bring about harmony of
economic returns and contribution to society and environmental
protection
中国环保基本政策 the basic policies of China’s environmental
protection
预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and
integrating prevention with control
污染者负担的政策 “the-polluters-pay”policy
强化环境管理的政策 policy of tightening up environmental management
“一控双达标”政策 policy of “One Order, Two Goals”
“一控”：12种工业污染物的排放量控制在国家规定的排放总量 The total
discharge of 12 industrial pollutants in China by the end of 2000
shall not exceed the total amount mandated by the central **.
“双达标”：
1. 到2000年底，全国所有的工业污染源要达到国家或地方规定的污染物排放标准
1. The discharge of industrial pollutants should meet both national
and local standards by the end of 2000.
2. 到2000年底，47个重点城市的空气和地面水达到国家规定的环境质量标准
2. Air and surface water quality in all urban districts in 47 major
cities should meet related national standards by the end of 2000.
对新项目实行环境影响评估 conduct environmental impact assessments
(EIA) on start-up projects
提高全民环保意识 raise environmental awareness amongst the general public
查处违反环保法规案件 investigate and punish acts of violating laws
and regulations on environmental protection
环保执法检查 environmental protection law enforcement inspection
限期治理 undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time
中国已加入的国际公约 international conventions into which China has accessed
《控制危险废物越境转移及其处置的巴塞尔公约》 Basel Convention on the
Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
《关于消耗臭氧层物质的蒙特利尔议定书》 Montreal Protocol on
Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
《生物多样性公约》 Convention on Biological Diversity
《防治荒漠化国际公约》 Convention to Combat Desertification
《气候变化框架公约》 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
生态示范区 eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region
国家级生态示范区（珠海） Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region
国家级园林城市 Nationally Designated Garden City
对水质和空气质量的影响 impact on the quality of the water and the air
治理环境污染 curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under
control
降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation
开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources
环保产品 environment-friendly products
自然保护区 nature reserve
野生动植物 wild fauna and flora
保护生存环境 conserve natural habitats
濒危野生动物 endangered wildlife
珍稀濒危物种繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center
自然生态系统 natural ecosystems
防止沙漠化（治沙、抗沙） desertification
环境负荷 carrying capacity of environment
三废综合利用 multipurpose use of three types of wastes
先天与后天，遗传与环境 nature-nurture
美化环境 landscaping design for environmental purposes
防止沿海地带不可逆转恶化 protect coastal zones from irreversible ‘degradation
环境恶化 environmental degradation
城市化失控 uncontrolled urbanization
温饱型农业 subsistence agriculture
贫困的恶性循环 vicious cycle of poverty
大气监测系统 atmospheric monitoring system
空气污染浓度 air pollution concentration
酸雨、越境空气污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution
二氧化硫排放 sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions
悬浮颗粒物 suspended particles
工业粉尘排放 industrial dust discharged
烟尘排放 soot emissions
二氧化氮 nitrate dioxide (NO2)
矿物燃料（煤、石油、天然气） fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas
清洁能源 clean energy
汽车尾气排放 motor vehicle exhaust
尾气净化器 exhaust purifier
无铅汽油 unlead gasoline
天然气汽车 gas-fueled vehicles
电动汽车 cell-driven vehicles; battery cars
氯氟烃 CFCs
温室效应 greenhouse effect
（厄尔）尼诺南徊 ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation)
噪音 noise （分贝 db; decibel）
化学需氧量（衡量水污染程度的一个指标） COD；chemical oxygen demand
生物需氧量 BOD; biological oxygen demand
工业废水处理率 treatment rate of industrial effluents
城市污水处理率 treatment rate of domestic sewage
集中处理厂 centralized treatment plant
红潮 red tide (rapid propagation of sea algae海藻 mostly in polluted waters)
工业固体废物 industrial solid wastes
白色污染 white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable’ white plastics)
可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags
放射性废料积存 accumulation of radioactive waste
有机污染物 organic pollutants
氰化物、 砷、汞排放 cyanide, arsenic, mercury discharged
铅、镉、六价铬 lead, cadmium, sexivalent chromium
城市垃圾无害化处理率 decontamination rate of urban refuse
垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill
垃圾焚化厂 refuse incinerator
防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation
森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation
水土流失 water and soil erosion
土壤盐碱化 soil alkalization
农药残留 pesticide residue
水土保持 conservation of water and soil
生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture
水资源保护区 water resource conservation zone
海水淡化 sea water desalinization
保护珊瑚礁、红树林和渔业资源 protect coral reefs, mangrove
‘绿化祖国 turn the country green
全民义务植树日 National Tree-Planting Day
造林工程 afforestation project
绿化面积 afforested areas; greening space
森林覆盖率 forest coverage
防风林 wind breaks （防沙林 sand breaks）
速生林 fast-growing trees
